MySQL基于binlog主从复制配置
Master-Slave 搭建环境:
Master:
Os: rhel-server-6.3-x86_64
Mysql: MySQL -5.5.35-1
虚拟机:Virtual BOX
Ip:192.168.56.102
Slave:
Os: rhel-server-6.3-x86_64
Mysql: MySQL -5.5.35-1
虚拟机:Virtual BOX
Ip:192.168.56.103
总体步骤:
1、 修改Master配置文件(my.cnf)
2、 在Master上创建一个有复制权限的用户
3、 复制Master上的数据库到Slave
4、 修改Slave配置文件(my.cnf)
5、 Slave初始化复制
6、 测试
7、 常见问题
1、 修改Master配置文件(my.cnf)
[mysqld]
server-id=1 //必须是服务器唯一id,默认是0,
log-bin=mysql-bin //必须启用二进制日志
replicate-do-db=dba
[mysqld]
server-id=1
log-bin=/var/lib/mysql/master-bin
log-bin-index=/var/lib/mysql/master-bin.index
replicate-do-db=abc
2、 在Master上创建一个有复制权限的用户
mysql>create user abc;
mysql>grant replication slave on *.* to abc identified by ‘abc';
3、 复制Master上的数据库到Slave
mysql>flush tables with read lock;
mysql> show master status
-> ;
+-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| ogg1-bin.000003 | 107 | | |
+-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>quit
[root@ogg /]# /usr/bin/mysqldump abc -uroot -proot --opt | mysql abc -uroot -proot -h 192.168.56.103
MySQL 5.6 不允许使用明密码文件远程
[root@guo ~]# /usr/bin/mysqldump abc -uroot -p --opt | mysql abc -uroot -p -h 192.168.56.103
需要在slave中授权:
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO ‘root‘@’192.168.56.103’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘root’ WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql>unlock tables;
4、修改Slave配置文件(my.cnf)
[mysqld]
server-id=2 //必须是服务器唯一id,默认是0,
log-bin=mysql-bin //必须启用二进制日志
replicate-do-db=zbdba
[mysqld]
server-id=11
relay-log=/var/lib/mysql/slave-relay-bin
relay-log-index=/var/lib/mysql/slave-relay-bin.index
5、 Slave初始化复制
mysql>slave stop;
mysql>CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.56.12',
MASTER_USER='zbdba',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',MASTER_LOG_FILE='ogg1-bin. 000003',MASTER_LOG_POS=107;
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.56.102',
MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_USER='abc',
MASTER_PASSWORD='abc';
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.56.12
Master_User: zbdba
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: ogg1-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107
Relay_Log_File: ogg2-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 252
Relay_Master_Log_File: ogg1-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: abc
6、 测试
master:
mysql> show tables;
+-----------------+
| Tables_in_zbdba |
+-----------------+
| guestbook |
| test |
| test1 |
+-----------------+
create table test2 select * from test1;
mysql> show tables;
+-----------------+
| Tables_in_zbdba |
+-----------------+
| guestbook |
| test |
| test1 |
| test2 |
+-----------------+
salve:
mysql> show tables;
+-----------------+
| Tables_in_zbdba |
+-----------------+
| guestbook |
| test |
| test1 |
| test2 |
+-----------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
如果需要配置相互主从的关系,只需要在slave数据库上面建立对应用户,原master上面做一下初始化就行了。
7、 常见问题
/etc下面没有对应的my.cnf文件
解决方法:
如果mysql使用rpm包安装的,/etc下没有对应的my.cnf文件,这时候只需要复制一个/usr/share/mysql目录下的.cnf文件到/etc目录,并改名为my.cnf即可。
Server-id参数无法修改
解决方法:
看my.cnf中是否存在相同的server-id=1
MySQL主备出现这个错误: ERROR 1201 (HY000):
解决方法:
mysql> slave stop;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> reset slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected,(0.00 sec)
ERROR 1130 (HY000): Host '*.*.*.*' is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server
解决方法:
如果你想允许用户myuser从ip为192.168.1.103的主机连接到mysql服务器,并使用mypassword作为密码
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'myuser'@'192.168.1.103' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;